This is an iron mask-like sculpture. These masks are created by blacksmiths, working them into shapes that could be worn, carried, or kept in ritual locations.
Today there is no active evidence of these masks being used. In fact, little is known about forged-iron masks among the Bamana or Dogon or Senufo, or any of the Western Sudanic groups. However, it must be kept in mind of the importance of iron and the magical and powerful role of the blacksmith in Bamana society when considering any object of iron from them. It should be noted that the blacksmith-artist made the mask to represent a female with the typical hairstyle of a mature Bamana woman. This mask does indicate the skill of the blacksmith in forging a mask out of iron, a medium much more difficult to work than wood.
The Bambara are the largest ethnic group within Mali. They strongly uphold their ancient tribal customs against Islam and Christianity, although recently the Muslim faith has been spreading among them. The Bambara excelled in three types of sculpture: stylized antelope headdresses, statues, and masks.
This mask presenting human features is different from the mainstream of Bambara masks and cannot be linked to specific society or ceremony.