Spoons are regarded not only as utilitarian objects but as symbols of treasured social values: giving, sharing, nourishing, and accomplishing domestic duties with grace and skill. These extra-large and elaborately carved spoons, wunkirmian, are presented to the village woman most admired for her cooking and hospitality. Antique Dan spoons of this sort can be quite expensive indeed, they often are purchased by museums or high-end collectors. Always carved by men, these spoons most frequently take the form of a woman's body, the swelling bowl symbolizing the life-giving womb (and maybe a filled-up stomach), the strong legs indicating the woman's centrality in the family structure. Other wunkirmian designs include beautiful female faces or animal heads surmounting the handle. Handles often end in human heads or figures, small public versions of the larger carvings and masks reserved for ritual occasions. Alternatively, handles may be zoomorphic, topped by a animal's head or a perching bird. Most frequently the shafts and bowls are unadorned, apart from the marvelous patina the wood has acquired over years of use. Sometimes, however, these parts of the spoon are embellished with carved or incised designs.
Ethnic Group:
Dan Society
Country of Origin:
Liberia, Cote d'Ivoire
Material:
Wood
Dimensions:
19 inches
Reference: Marc Ginzberg, African Form
Lindsay Hooper, "Domestic Arts -- Carved Wooden
Philip L. Ravenhill, The Art of the Personal Object